The following is the October 17, 2024, Congressional Research Service In Focus report, The Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) System.
From the report
Brief History of the THAAD Program
According to the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) Missile Defense Project, the Army began developing THAAD in 1992. In December 1995, the Army attempted its first THAAD intercept test, which was unsuccessful. Five successive test flights—taking place from 1996 to 1999—also failed. The Army redesigned THAAD and relaxed requirements for intercepting targets at lower altitudes. Between 2006 and 2019, the Army and the MDA conducted 18 THAAD intercept tests. Fourteen of the tests were successful, and four were cancelled prior to launch due to target malfunctions.
Current THAAD Program Activities
The FY2021 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) (P.L. 116-283) authorized and funded the procurement of an eighth THAAD battery. On April 21, 2022, Lockheed Martin received a contract totaling $74 million to produce the THAAD battery for the MDA, expected to be fielded by 2025. According to the MDA, as of January 2024, the eighth THAAD battery was still in production. As of October 1, 2023, the MDA had delivered 799 operational THAAD interceptors to the U.S. Army and Foreign Military Sales (FMS) customers.
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